Still a working seaside resort economy: tourism accounted for over 7,500 jobs in 2019, around 15.9% of jobs in the city, so hospitality, leisure, amusements, seafront food and drink are a genuine trade cluster here, not a footnote.
A commuter city as much as a resort, roughly a fifth of the working population commutes to London daily, which supports a large base of professional services and home-based businesses.
Victoria Avenue is the office corridor (built out as such in the 1960s-70s) while the High Street mixes national chains with independents across two shopping centres.
Southend-on-Sea had a recorded population of about 180,686 at the 2021 census.