A former shipbuilding and fishing port on the tidal River Colne, shipyards, a dry dock built in 1889, and a long history of fishing and smuggling. The yards closed in the later 20th century but the Quay, sailing clubs and marine trades remain central to the town's identity.
The University of Essex sits immediately north at Wivenhoe Park, which gives a town of about 7,500 people an unusually large student and academic population and supports pubs, cafes and creative businesses well beyond its size.
Wivenhoe was near the epicentre of the 1884 Colchester earthquake, which caused significant damage in the town, a fact every local knows.
Wivenhoe had a recorded population of about 7,586 at the 2021 census.